An independent research journal
Questions first.
Evidence next.
A personal reading project exploring health, the mind and financial questions. Published research, considered in context.
Explore the reading notesThe current enquiry
Mind, memory
and perception.
Rare clinical presentations, the experience of hearing voices, imaginative companions and the reliability of memory.
Visit Mental Health ↗The reading room
Research notes.
Cotard syndrome: when a person believes they no longer exist
Nihilistic delusions, the limits of rare-case evidence and why the underlying clinical context matters.
Case reports & literature reviewRead note ↗Mental healthHearing voices in an empty room
Auditory hallucinations, inner speech and why hearing a voice does not by itself establish a diagnosis.
Research study & clinical informationRead note ↗Perception & developmentImaginary companions: what does a child actually “see”?
Imagination, pretend play and vivid experience, without assuming that an imaginary companion is a ghost or an illness.
Developmental studiesRead note ↗NeurologyEpilepsy, awareness and unusual perceptions
Why seizures can involve more than convulsions, and why a perceptual experience alone cannot identify epilepsy.
NHS & NIH clinical informationRead note ↗Memory & cognitionThe Mandela effect: shared memories, tested experimentally
What research demonstrates about shared false memories, and what it does not establish about reality changing.
Controlled experimentsRead note ↗No matching notes. Try another subject.
5 research notes
The approach
A finding is only as useful
as its context.
Each note identifies the question being asked, the source of the evidence and the limits of what it can establish. Case reports, experiments and clinical information are labelled in their own terms. These pages summarise existing sources; they do not present original clinical studies.
Read the editorial approach ↗